PrimeFieldElement (ECCelerate 6.2 API)

java.lang.Object
- iaik.security.ec.math.field.PrimeFieldElement

All Implemented Interfaces:

FieldElement, GenericFieldElement, PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement, Cloneable
```
public final class PrimeFieldElement
extends Object
implements FieldElement, PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
```
This class represents a mutable prime field element. It can be used in combination with arbitrary prime fields.
Also note that (almost) all methods in this class work in-place. So, there is no guarantee that values input to methods in this class will not be overridden. In case of doubt and if values need to be reused, always clone the value, before inputting it to a method.

Author:

Christian Hanser, Sebastian Ramacher

See Also:

FieldElement, AbstractPrimeField

Method Summary

All Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method and Description
`PrimeFieldElement`	`add(GenericFieldElement b)` Adds `b` to `this`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`addBase(GenericFieldElement b)` Adds `b` to `this` where `b` is an element of the underlying base field.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`addOutOfPlace(GenericFieldElement b)` Adds `this` with `b` which is an element of the base field, where a new object holding the result is created.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`addOutOfPlace(PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement b)` Adds two elements and returns a new object holding the result.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`clone()` Clones the value of this field element.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`divide(GenericFieldElement b)` Divides `this` and another field elements.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`divideBy2()` Divides `this` by 2.
`boolean`	`equals(Object obj)`
`PrimeFieldElement`	`exponentiate(BigInteger n)` Raises `this` to the power `n`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`exponentiate(int n)` Raises `this` to the power `n`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`exponentiateByPowerOf2(int n)` Raise `this` to the power of 2^`n`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`exponentiateOutOfPlace(BigInteger n)` Raises `this` to the power `n`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`exponentiateOutOfPlace(int n)` Raises `this` to the power `n`.
`int`	`getBit(int index)` Returns the value of a certain bit of `this`.
`AbstractPrimeField`	`getField()` Returns the associated finite field.
`int`	`getQuadraticCharacter()` Implements a quadratic character, which returns -1,0,1 depending on whether `this` is a quadratic non-residue modulo the prime `p`, a multiple of the characteristic, or a quadratic residue.
`int`	`hashCode()`
`PrimeFieldElement`	`invert()` Sets `this` to its inverse.
`boolean`	`isOne()` Determines whether `this` is one.
`boolean`	`isQthResidue(int q)` Returns whether `this` is a `q`-th residue mod p.
`boolean`	`isZero()` Determines whether `this` is zero.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiply(BigInteger n)` Multiples `this` by `n`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiply(GenericFieldElement b)` Multiplies `this` with `b` which is an element of the same field.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyBy2()` Multiplies `this` with 2.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyBy2OutOfPlace()` Multiplies `this` with 2 and returns a new object holding the result.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyBy3()` Multiplies `this` with 3.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyBy3OutOfPlace()` Multiplies `this` with 3 and returns a new object holding the result.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyByBase(GenericFieldElement b)` Multiplies `this` with `b` which is an element of the base field.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyByBaseOutOfPlace(GenericFieldElement b)` Multiplies `this` with `b` which is an element of the base field, where a new object holding the result is created.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyByPowerOf2(int exponent)` Multiplies `this` by 2^`n`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyByPowerOf2OutOfPlace(int exponent)` Multiplies `this` by 2^`n` and returns a new object holding the result.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyOutOfPlace(BigInteger n)` Multiples `this` by `n`, where a new object holding the result is created.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`multiplyOutOfPlace(GenericFieldElement b)` Multiplies `this` with `b` which is an element of the same field, where a new object holding the result is created.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`negate()` Returns the negative of `this`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`negateOutOfPlace()` Returns the negative of `this`, where a new object holding the result is created.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`square()` Computes the square of `this` in-place.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`squareOutOfPlace()` Computes the square of `this`, where a new object holding the result is created.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`squareRoot()` Computes the square root of `this`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`squareRoot(boolean checkSquare)` Computes the square root of `this`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`subtract(GenericFieldElement b)` Subtracts `b` from `this`.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`subtractOutOfPlace(GenericFieldElement b)` Subtracts `b` from `this` which is an element of the base field, where a new object holding the result is created.
`PrimeFieldElement`	`subtractOutOfPlace(PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement b)` Subtracts `b` from `this` and returns a new object holding the result.
`boolean`	`testBit(int index)` Tests whether a certain bit of `this` is set.
`BigInteger`	`toBigInteger()` Returns the `BigInteger`-representation of this instance.
`byte[]`	`toByteArray()` Returns the `byte[]` representation of this instance.
`byte[]`	`toLEByteArray()` Returns the `byte[]` representation of this instance in little endian.
`String`	`toString()`

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

- Method Detail
  - negate
```
public PrimeFieldElement negate()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Returns the negative of this. This functions works in-place.
    
    Specified by:
    
    negate in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    negate in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    negate in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the negative of this
  - negateOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement negateOutOfPlace()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Returns the negative of this, where a new object holding the result is created.
    
    Specified by:
    
    negateOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    negateOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the negative of this
  - add
```
public PrimeFieldElement add(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Adds b to this. This functions works in-place.
    
    Specified by:
    
    add in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    add in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    add in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the second addend
    
    Returns:
    
    the sum of this and b
  - addOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement addOutOfPlace(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Adds this with b which is an element of the base field, where a new object holding the result is created.
    
    Specified by:
    
    addOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    addOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the second factor
    
    Returns:
    
    the sum of this and b
  - addOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement addOutOfPlace(PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Adds two elements and returns a new object holding the result.
    
    Specified by:
    
    addOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the other value
    
    Returns:
    
    the sum
  - addBase
```
public PrimeFieldElement addBase(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Adds b to this where b is an element of the underlying base field.
    
    Specified by:
    
    addBase in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    addBase in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    addBase in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the second addend
    
    Returns:
    
    the sum of this and b
  - subtract
```
public PrimeFieldElement subtract(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Subtracts b from this. This functions works in-place.
    
    Specified by:
    
    subtract in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    subtract in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    subtract in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the subtrahend
    
    Returns:
    
    the difference of this and b
  - subtractOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement subtractOutOfPlace(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Subtracts b from this which is an element of the base field, where a new object holding the result is created.
    
    Specified by:
    
    subtractOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    subtractOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the second factor
    
    Returns:
    
    the difference of this and b
  - subtractOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement subtractOutOfPlace(PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Subtracts b from this and returns a new object holding the result.
    
    Specified by:
    
    subtractOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the subtrahend
    
    Returns:
    
    the difference of this and b
  - invert
```
public PrimeFieldElement invert()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Sets this to its inverse.
    
    Specified by:
    
    invert in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    invert in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    invert in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the inverse of this
  - multiply
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiply(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this with b which is an element of the same field.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiply in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiply in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiply in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the second factor
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and b
  - multiplyOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyOutOfPlace(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this with b which is an element of the same field, where a new object holding the result is created.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyOutOfPlace in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the second factor
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and b
  - multiply
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiply(BigInteger n)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Multiples this by n.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiply in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiply in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiply in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    n - the factor
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and n
  - multiplyOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyOutOfPlace(BigInteger n)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Multiples this by n, where a new object holding the result is created.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyOutOfPlace in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    n - the factor
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and n
  - multiplyByBase
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyByBase(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this with b which is an element of the base field.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyByBase in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyByBase in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyByBase in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the second factor
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and b
  - multiplyByBaseOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyByBaseOutOfPlace(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this with b which is an element of the base field, where a new object holding the result is created.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyByBaseOutOfPlace in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyByBaseOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyByBaseOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the second factor
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and b
  - multiplyBy2
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyBy2()
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this with 2.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyBy2 in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and 2
  - multiplyBy2OutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyBy2OutOfPlace()
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this with 2 and returns a new object holding the result.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyBy2OutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and 2
  - multiplyBy3
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyBy3()
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this with 3.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyBy3 in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and 3
  - multiplyBy3OutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyBy3OutOfPlace()
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this with 3 and returns a new object holding the result.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyBy3OutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and 3
  - multiplyByPowerOf2
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyByPowerOf2(int exponent)
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this by 2^n.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyByPowerOf2 in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    exponent - the exponent
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and 2^n
  - multiplyByPowerOf2OutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement multiplyByPowerOf2OutOfPlace(int exponent)
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Multiplies this by 2^n and returns a new object holding the result.
    
    Specified by:
    
    multiplyByPowerOf2OutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    exponent - the exponent
    
    Returns:
    
    the product of this and 2^n
  - divide
```
public PrimeFieldElement divide(GenericFieldElement b)
```
    Divides this and another field elements.
    You have no guarantee that b remains unchanged.
    
    Specified by:
    
    divide in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    divide in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    divide in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the divisor
    
    Returns:
    
    the quotient of this and b
  - divideBy2
```
public PrimeFieldElement divideBy2()
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Divides this by 2.
    
    Specified by:
    
    divideBy2 in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    this divided by 2.
  - square
```
public PrimeFieldElement square()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Computes the square of this in-place.
    
    Specified by:
    
    square in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    square in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    square in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the square of this
  - squareOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement squareOutOfPlace()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Computes the square of this, where a new object holding the result is created.
    
    Specified by:
    
    squareOutOfPlace in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    squareOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    squareOutOfPlace in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the square of this
  - getField
```
public AbstractPrimeField getField()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Returns the associated finite field.
    
    Specified by:
    
    getField in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the associated finite field
  - testBit
```
public boolean testBit(int index)
```
    Description copied from interface: FieldElement
    
    Tests whether a certain bit of this is set.
    
    Specified by:
    
    testBit in interface FieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    index - the index of the bit
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the bit is 1; false otherwise
  - getBit
```
public int getBit(int index)
```
    Description copied from interface: FieldElement
    
    Returns the value of a certain bit of this.
    
    Specified by:
    
    getBit in interface FieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    index - the index of the bit
    
    Returns:
    
    the value of a certain bit, i.e. 0 or 1
  - isOne
```
public boolean isOne()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Determines whether this is one.
    
    Specified by:
    
    isOne in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    true iff this is the one element
  - isZero
```
public boolean isZero()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Determines whether this is zero.
    
    Specified by:
    
    isZero in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    true iff this is the zero element
  - exponentiate
```
public PrimeFieldElement exponentiate(BigInteger n)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Raises this to the power n. Works in-place.
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiate in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiate in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiate in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    n - the exponent
    
    Returns:
    
    the nth power of this
  - exponentiate
```
public PrimeFieldElement exponentiate(int n)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Raises this to the power n. Works in-place.
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiate in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiate in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    n - the exponent
    
    Returns:
    
    the nth power of this
  - exponentiateOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement exponentiateOutOfPlace(BigInteger n)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Raises this to the power n.
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiateOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    n - the exponent
    
    Returns:
    
    the nth power of this
  - exponentiateOutOfPlace
```
public PrimeFieldElement exponentiateOutOfPlace(int n)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Raises this to the power n.
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiateOutOfPlace in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    n - the exponent
    
    Returns:
    
    the nth power of this
  - exponentiateByPowerOf2
```
public PrimeFieldElement exponentiateByPowerOf2(int n)
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Raise this to the power of 2^n.
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiateByPowerOf2 in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    exponentiateByPowerOf2 in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    n - the exponent
    
    Returns:
    
    the 2^n-th power of this.
  - squareRoot
```
public PrimeFieldElement squareRoot()
```
    Description copied from interface: FieldElement
    
    Computes the square root of this.
    
    Specified by:
    
    squareRoot in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    squareRoot in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    squareRoot in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    a field element representing the square root of this
  - squareRoot
```
public PrimeFieldElement squareRoot(boolean checkSquare)
```
    Description copied from interface: PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Computes the square root of this.
    
    Specified by:
    
    squareRoot in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Parameters:
    
    checkSquare - check if a is a square. If true, the return value is undefined for non-squares.
    
    Returns:
    
    square root of this
  - getQuadraticCharacter
```
public int getQuadraticCharacter()
```
    Implements a quadratic character, which returns -1,0,1 depending on whether this is a quadratic non-residue modulo the prime p, a multiple of the characteristic, or a quadratic residue. In this case this is the Legendre symbol according to [2, Algorithm 11.19].
    
    Specified by:
    
    getQuadraticCharacter in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the Legendre symbol (this/p)
  - toBigInteger
```
public BigInteger toBigInteger()
```
    Description copied from interface: FieldElement
    
    Returns the BigInteger-representation of this instance.
    
    Specified by:
    
    toBigInteger in interface FieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the BigInteger-representation
  - toByteArray
```
public byte[] toByteArray()
```
    Description copied from interface: GenericFieldElement
    
    Returns the byte[] representation of this instance.
    
    Specified by:
    
    toByteArray in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Returns:
    
    the byte[] representation
  - toLEByteArray
```
public byte[] toLEByteArray()
```
    Returns the byte[] representation of this instance in little endian.
    
    Returns:
    
    the byte[] representation
  - hashCode
```
public int hashCode()
```
    Specified by:
    
    hashCode in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Overrides:
    
    hashCode in class Object
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(Object obj)
```
    Specified by:
    
    equals in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Overrides:
    
    equals in class Object
  - clone
```
public PrimeFieldElement clone()
```
    Description copied from interface: FieldElement
    
    Clones the value of this field element.
    
    Specified by:
    
    clone in interface FieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    clone in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Specified by:
    
    clone in interface PrimeCharacteristicFieldElement
    
    Overrides:
    
    clone in class Object
    
    Returns:
    
    the clone
  - toString
```
public String toString()
```
    Specified by:
    
    toString in interface GenericFieldElement
    
    Overrides:
    
    toString in class Object
  - isQthResidue
```
public boolean isQthResidue(int q)
```
    Returns whether this is a q-th residue mod p.
    
    Parameters:
    
    q - the exponent
    
    Returns:
    
    true if this is a q-th residue mod p.

Class PrimeFieldElement

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Method Detail

negate

negateOutOfPlace

add

addOutOfPlace

addOutOfPlace

addBase

subtract

subtractOutOfPlace

subtractOutOfPlace

invert

multiply

multiplyOutOfPlace

multiply

multiplyOutOfPlace

multiplyByBase

multiplyByBaseOutOfPlace

multiplyBy2

multiplyBy2OutOfPlace

multiplyBy3

multiplyBy3OutOfPlace

multiplyByPowerOf2

multiplyByPowerOf2OutOfPlace

divide

divideBy2

square

squareOutOfPlace

getField

testBit

getBit

isOne

isZero

exponentiate

exponentiate

exponentiateOutOfPlace

exponentiateOutOfPlace

exponentiateByPowerOf2

squareRoot

squareRoot

getQuadraticCharacter

toBigInteger

toByteArray

toLEByteArray

hashCode

equals

clone

toString

isQthResidue